F-10 - the sacred mission
An unexpected turn
Commemorate the founding of the 10th designer Song Wencao's first anniversary (March 26, 1930 - March 22, 2016)
In February 1982, China's new fighter development program evaluation demonstration will be held in the Beijing maritime warehouse general staff hostel. The meeting was jointly sponsored by the State Council and the Ministry of Aviation Industry. The meeting was very large, invited the relevant unit leaders and aviation experts to participate in a total of 141 people. The theme of the meeting was to review the new fighter design proposed by the fraternal unit.
Song Wencong, Cheng Zhiming, Xie Pin and Wang Zifang, etc. from the 611 of the four individuals were invited to participate in the meeting. Before joining the meeting, Song Wencong very happy for the brothers units, they developed a new F-program can lead to the leadership of the authorities so attention to convene such a scale of the meeting to conduct a review, is indeed not easy. Song Wencong can be caught by surprise, the day after the meeting, the Ministry of Aviation Industry, deputy director of the military station Wang Ruosong suddenly came to their room, I hope 611 comrades can also talk about their own program at the meeting, and give them for the 15 minutes of speaking time.
In order to firmly grasp this hard-earned quarter of an hour, Song Wencong and several other comrades borrowed from the brothers unit a few blank gelatin film, the night from the information provided, the duck-type layout of the aircraft graphics, basic data important Performance curve excerpts, produced a few reports with the gelatin film. All this is busy, it is dead at night. Song Wencong later jokingly said: "We are called the state grinding gun, unpleasant also light."
The next day early in the morning, a meeting place, the participants were the eyes of the unit produced by the aircraft model, as well as the venue around the plane covered with a map, a variety of design data to attract. During the reporting process, the fraternal unit speaker explained with the aircraft model, to the leadership and the experts reported nearly 2 hours.
After the day's report and discussion, at night, in the guest house's room, Song Wencong took out a few pieces of gelatin film yesterday, while watching the side into a thought - "new fighter research related to China's national defense construction, the future development of the Chinese Air Force We must not repeat the old road of the F-9 in the country in such a difficult situation, come up with such a large sum of money to engage in new development, it is not easy ah! We have to engage, it is necessary to engage in a decent Of the aircraft, in the next 10 years or 20 years are not behind the world of the aircraft, we have to learn from imitation of the traditional thinking to jump out, engage in a truly designed by the Chinese people advanced fighter!
The third day of the morning, the meeting continued. Song Congcao spoke, no aircraft model, no pattern information, the hands of some of the night alone out of a few pieces of gelatin film.
However, Song Wencong began to speak to the participants of the great interest, he developed from the current situation of the world fighter, combined with the future of the air will be how to talk about, and then he turned the subject, talk about our new fighter should have Basic tactical technical indicators, to achieve these indicators, the new fighter design should take what kind of aerodynamic layout, to take what kind of flight control system and stop firepower system ... ... Finally, Song Wencong with gelatin film show their years of design of the duck-style pneumatic layout Aircraft program, the specific tactical technical indicators for a brief description of the data. And that the above program to meet the current requirements is promising.
Song Wencong's report after the end of the venue into a brief silence, followed by a whisper, whisper. Finally, I do not know which comrades first applauded, causing a warm applause on the venue.
The meeting from February 16 to 25 days. Around the new F-tactical technical indicators, aerodynamic layout, flight control and fire systems and other serious and detailed study and discussion. The meeting finally made a surprise decision: the new fighter research and development of the future plans for national defense, the meeting is not sure the program, the current need to continue to carry forward democracy, speak their minds, fully listen to different opinions, clear ideas; The overall design institute to continue to do a new program, 3 months after the meeting to conduct a demonstration.
The duck-style layout stands out
In April 1982, the new annihilation program will be held again in the Beijing Air Force Guest House. 611 people who attended the meeting, although less than the brothers unit, but also to more than 20 people. While the program schedule scheduled on the agenda of the meeting, although the brothers units in front, but the two units report the program time is equal, are one day.
The next day, the brothers unit program reported a full 6 hours, but the feeling is that they have done a lot of work in the past 3 months, but the basic things and not much change, but in the original Some amendments and improvements have been made to the program.
On the third day, Song Wencong on behalf of the 611 reported the program. Song Wencong reported that they prepared two new fighter design. These two programs are duck-style layout, but one is the use of abdominal intake, one is used on both sides of the intake. He first explained the general pattern of duck-type layout in the development of world aircraft, the current state of application of duck-type aircraft in advanced countries, and why the reasons for this layout, and he specifically analyzed the tailless layout, fixed front wing layout , The whole wing layout and other layout of the advantages and disadvantages of several layout techniques, in particular, the specific analysis of the vortex mechanism and parameter matching and other issues.
"Here also consider the mobility, weapons systems, radar systems and other issues.For example, we designed the abdominal intake program, the main consideration of the big angle of attack maneuvers ... ..." Song Wencong hand than the painting, to the participants preaching.
Sitting in the front row of Xie Guang to see Song Wencong in hand above the painting, he easily placed on the table of plexiglass aircraft model to Song Wencong handed up, indicating that he according to the physical model to explain to you, so that we understand more clearly some.
Song Wencong took the model, would like to explain to the model. But he looked at the model - this model is too small, the following comrades simply can not see. Song Wencong saw the projection of the projector on the table projecting light beam, he was an idea, the model from the bracket pulled down, directly to the projector on a release - this transparent plexiglass aircraft model cast in the back of the curtain - nice guy, this plane looks very beautiful very spectacular! Very contemporary, just like people in the movie screen to see a modern fighter majestic walk through the sea of clouds in the general!
The meeting went on for another five days. Divided into the overall pneumatic, power system, flight control system, weapons systems and other professional groups were fully discussed. The results of the discussion, the participating leaders and experts basically recognized Song Wencong proposed duck-type abdominal intake design. The meeting decided that the two programs temporarily, but also go back to do the work, at the same time the new J-technology advanced demonstration, the overall program to report to the Central Military Commission and the National Defense Science and Technology Commission approval.
"Song total, we hope that you describe this kind of aircraft, is looking forward to how many years!" Air Force chief of a secretary to find Song Wencong, "you can not reluctantly love, give you that model gave me The pilots feared, gave us a souvenir! "
"Oh, I'm sorry, I can not give you this model." Song Wencong thought, "Well, I'll give you another one." Then put the other aircraft model to the chief secretary.
At the meeting of the aircraft model, followed by Song Wencong 20 years, although it is small and simple, but quietly witnessed the history of a Chinese fighter development.
An aircraft from the completion of the basic idea to the real design of forming, easier said than done!
Song Wencong proposed duck-style layout of the new F-design, the Beijing Conference was basically recognized, in addition to his decades of exploration to see the first line of the dawn and feel a little pleased, and no trace of success fame, But feel a great pressure.
Back to Chengdu, Song Wencong also reported to the Beijing trip to the situation. All of the whole up and down quickly know the general situation of the assessment meeting: they designed the new F-program although not finalized, but the military has a certain tendency, some experts are also very supportive, most likely to be selected, but also need to do further jobs. In the upper and lower under the spirit of excitement, volunteered, according to the requirements of the Ministry of Aviation Industry held a new fighter work mobilization will be in the Song Wencong organization under the leadership of the formation of more than 70 people to participate in the structure, flight control, avionics and Mechanical and electrical, and several other demonstration group, a comprehensive start of the new technology and economic feasibility studies, all the enthusiasm to move up.
At the same time, the new development work in Beijing is also in full swing. National Defense Office held a new fighter airborne electronic equipment, weapons, fire control systems, auxiliary products, test flight test and other seminars. These meetings, the new F-tactical technical indicators to do a further clear. March 1983, the Ministry of Aviation Industry officially issued a new technology to carry out the construction of the new technology, the aircraft, the engine, weapons, fire control system, inertial navigation system, flight control system, other airborne equipment systems and composite Materials, several aspects of the project requirements, responsible units, participating units, the completion date.
To January 1984, Song Wencong specific organization of the new F-technology economic early demonstration work has been fully completed. Has completed the high-speed, low-speed wind tunnel test more than 3900 times, completed the structure, flight control, avionics and electromechanical system design, designed to turbo 15 as a power device 6 abdominal intake duck-type layout aircraft program, The argument report.
The opportunity is always to the person who is prepared.
In February 1984, the Science and Technology Commission of the Ministry of Aeronautical Industry held in Hebei Zhuoxian Taoyuan Hotel held a new fighter layout program meeting, the National Defense Science and Industry Commission, the Air Force and the relevant experts to participate in 119, the meeting focused on the new program and engine selection Type problem. At the meeting, the 611 design of the duck-style layout program was well received. Then, the leadership of the National Defense Science and Industry Commission in Beijing summoned Song Wencong and other relevant experts. Back to the hotel, the Ministry of Aeronautics and Industry Ministry of Science and Technology Deputy Director Wang Nanshou comrades announced: the central leadership and the Ministry of Aviation Industry research decision, 611 proposed duck-style layout program, was finally identified as a new program!
May 1984, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission officially issued on the new F-developed units of the fixed-point issue of the approval, to determine the overall unit of the new F-611 and 132 factories.
In June 1984, the National Defense Science and Industry Commission held a new F-program demonstration in Beijing, and Song Wencong made a report on the new annihilation program. At the same time, the Air Force finally agreed on the requirements of the new annihilated index. The review identified the new Jifu initial program, the development of the new Jifu made a very high demand. In April the following year, the Ministry of Aeronautical Industry issued a new work plan, clearly to focus on the duck-style layout of the aerodynamic design, avionics and flight control system and other cooperation projects, while grasping the introduction of software and personnel Training, installation and preparation work, carry out the relevant testing and key parts of the technical research.
July 14, 1986, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission officially issued by Zhang Aiping approved the task book, appointed Wang Ang for the new J (F-10 aircraft) model chief commander, Song Wencong for the new J (F-10 aircraft) chief designer. This year, Song Wencong is now 56 years old.
At this point, Song Wencong shoulder the party and the country's trust, shoulder the fighter 10 development mission, firmly toward the goal of his ideal journey away. Behind him, left behind is a turning point.
Manufacture full-size prototype
F-10 aircraft is the history of China's military aircraft developed by the first self-designed and developed by the third generation of advanced fighter. Not the original machine for reference, coupled with the aircraft using a large number of new technologies, new structures, new systems, new products, new technology, design and manufacturing difficult, coordination is very complex. According to the development of practice, in the prototype machine before the development of a full-size prototype, in the past in the development of "Dongfeng" 113 when engaged, and now J-10 aircraft in the development plan has long been arranged, but the funding has been dragging.
Development of full-size prototype This is the first time the aircraft from the design into an important turning point in kind. This allows designers and craftsmen to be able to accurately verify their designs and craftsmanship in real space, allowing test pilots to operate aircraft in the cockpit, design coordination, manufacturing new process validation, and aircraft maintenance , For the whole aircraft to freeze the technical state to create good conditions, is a stage of the optimal iteration, at the same time, you can also use limited development funds to show the stage development results.
In January 1990, in the "two division system" (administrative command system, chief designer system) organization, 611 and 132 factory quickly completed the full-size metal prototype technology, funding, progress coordinates Demonstration and top-level design, began full-size prototype design, to June issued a full set of structural design more than 10,000 models, issued in December a full set of system design and ground equipment, nearly 20,000 drawings. Less than a year, all the prototype design work.
In February 1991, the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics issued a notice of the development of the prototype, requiring to strengthen the command line, strengthen the spot scheduling, the development of planning measures, and strictly control the node target; the units under the engine before the end of March to coordinate the prototype to 132 plant. In April, Wang Zheng, deputy director of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics, inspected the production of the new full-scale prototype, and expressed satisfaction with the prototype production.
At the same time, through technical research, 132 factory and the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics cooperation, the new fighter S-shaped skin drawing success. Song Wencong heard the news, for the fuselage skin stretch was successful, which for the new F-developed to remove a manufacturing process of technical barriers.
August 27 morning, F-10 prototype victory to complete the assembly! It has a real internal organs, with a light brown duck-shaped appearance, extraordinary momentum, eager, mighty majestic, handsome and chic, Yu Yu Xuan overlooking the crowd at the foot of it. At this point, it seems that as long as given it power, it will vacate the sky, whistling! From the full size of the metal prototype, and now we can see at a glance the overall layout of the aircraft. It introduces many new design concepts and design methods. In addition to aerodynamic layout, system function and structural integrity to meet the advanced design ideas, in terms of viability and low vulnerability design, maintenance accessibility and cabin man's engineering design , It is different from other models, as F-10 aircraft and another bright spot.
In the viability of the design, the fuselage with a multi-beam structure, the wing uses a multi-wall structure, the hydraulic system of the two systems using strict left and right separation layout, and emergency pump away from the main pump and other measures; But also other models unmatched, which in addition to single-layer layout, as well as multi-storey accommodation by the level of high and low frequency of the layout of the equipment from the outside, but also set up a large number of mouth, the body surface open Rate of 50%, so that about 80% of the equipment can be reached directly. As the engine to take the overall installation and demolition of the way, greatly improved the maintenance, while the end of the Chinese fighter does not open after the fuselage can not dismantle the history of the engine.
The new fighter cockpit in accordance with the principle of human design, the cockpit volume increases for the pilot to provide a comfortable space environment; blister-type cockpit, arc windshield greatly expanded the pilot's field of vision; aircraft instrument layout simple and clear, the number of meters within the cockpit Greatly reduced, will be necessary to switch the switch button placed in the steering column and throttle stick, to achieve the pilot's two-handed grip manipulation, which is usually said "hand from the pole", greatly reducing the burden on the pilot, so that the pilot Up handy.
Overcome the difficulties of flying
F-10 aircraft is a cross-generation models, technical indicators require high, the need for the total designer to solve the problem and Organizational research projects. In the early development, Song Wencong pointed out that in the overall situation at the same time, must bear the nose, focus on breaking the third generation of aircraft four key technologies: the stability of the stability of the short pitch duck-type pneumatic layout; four degrees of digital teaser Flight control system; highly digital, integrated avionics system; computer aided design and manufacturing technology. As well as with the four major technologies related to a number of new structures, new systems, new products, as well as raw materials, components should be on a steep step. New fighter after the "Seventh Five-Year" difficult start, "eight five" technology research, "Ninth Five-Year" prototype come out Since then, the aircraft developed into the normal track, Song Wencong is not a moment of breathing time. In November 1991, Song Wencong participated in the Xiangfan held a new JL rocket development program demonstration, the aircraft before the fuselage test section and rocket tackle technical coordination, watched the new fighter ejection seat starting speed rocket pulley catapult test. In March 1992, Song Wencong as an authorized representative, and the National Defense Science and Technology Commission Liu Sheng, Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics Yan Xiang rate of Chinese aviation delegation to visit Russia, the introduction of aircraft engine negotiations. After Song Wencong and other comrades hard work, signed the introduction of the Russian new fighter prototype and test flight engine contract. Deputy Secretary for National Defense Science and Technology Ye Zhengda attended the signing ceremony. January 1993, due to the replacement of the new fighter, the aircraft after the fuselage shape, structure, systems, finished products, pipelines have undergone great changes in the Song Wencong organization, 611 designers compete for seconds to start design, Design and coordination. June 1994, Song Wencong organization 611 designers make full use of integrated software system design, calculation, after 9 months of day and night hard work, issued a structural production map, the system production map, complete the strength calculation report. To the end of the year, but also issued a ground equipment production map. At this point, the new F-prototype production plan design work is completed. May 1995, Song Wencong led the Aviation Industry Corporation, deputy director of the military machine Yan Xiang, 132 factory chief engineer Xue Chi Shou went to Russia, attended the new fighter first engine acceptance ceremony. In August 1995, the new F-01 aircraft in the fuselage in the 132 factory riveting. June 2, 1997, the first new aircraft crack assembly ceremony held in 132 factory held, the CMC Vice Chairman Liu Huaqing and other central leaders attended the ceremony, Song Wencong reported the development of the new situation, Liu Huaqing happy for the aircraft assembly delivery test station The At this point, F-10 aircraft after 10 years of design and development, the prototype has turned out, waiting for it will be more severe challenges and tests - first flight. F-10 aircraft first flight time, scheduled for March 23, 1998. This day, the weather is not good, the airport visibility is poor. There are more people who gather at the scene, and we stand on the east side of the airport, looking up at the gray sky and looking forward to the degree of visibility that can be accepted for the first flight. Chairman of the General Assembly Department Cao Gangchuan, Chief Minister of Science and Technology Minister Li Andong, Air Force Deputy Commander Qiao Qingchen, general manager of the Aviation Industry Corporation Zhu Yu Li and other leaders sitting there, from time to time to look at the sky, waiting for the weather Improve. Song Wencong did not sit on the rostrum, he came to the apron in advance, calmly watching the crew on the aircraft for the final inspection. Soon, the chief test pilot Lei Qiang and test flight attendants Zhicheng Zhongchang, test team Liu Yongming political commissar also drove to the apron, with the crew to check the aircraft, waiting for commanders command. The sky finally cracked the clouds and the command tower was uploaded to prepare for the takeoff. Song Wencong in the distance and the chief test pilot Lei Qiang made a gesture, watched Lei Qiang to the plane. Then, quickly returned to the tower, in the command hall behind to find an unobtrusive position to sit down. Lei Qiang boarded the plane, calmly waved to everyone after everyone entered the cockpit. The audience holding his breath, watching the plane launched, taxiing, speed up, with a huge roar, the plane lifted the front wheel, the moment will sky Ah, fly up and fly up! The people of the audience cheered, jumped, applauded, some people put the flowers in the hands of the sky, to pay tribute to the aircraft and pilots. At this time, Song Wencong demeanor is very calm, no one knows that he is ecstatic or nervous, is excited or pleased, his performance can only describe two words: calm. He put his hand on his forehead, watched the plane flew up to the sky, rushed into the clouds, climbed to the higher sky. The plane has gradually disappeared, but he still through the hall in front of the screen, watching it fly the location and flight conditions. When the plane dive from the sky down, flying over the podium, Zhu Yu Li, general manager excitedly stood up, frequently waving to the plane. After the plane was surrounded by three laps on the rostrum, the pilot pilot took the initiative to request another lap in the air, and the field command center agreed to his request. The aircraft over the first flight after the completion of the task, reducing the flight height, firmly from the distance straight from the runway, we once again hold the breath. The plane landed, the fuselage suddenly opened a large umbrella, then, the aircraft firmly stopped on the runway. First flight success! The airport boiling, people excitedly shake hands with each other, hug, cheer, jump! Hiding in the crowd of Lei Qiang's wife could no longer bear this time, excited and delighted tears from her face rustled down. On the plane landing at the same time, Song Wencong arrived at the apron, he was going to meet the victory of the hero test flight attendants - looking at the test pilot Lei Qiang off the plane, Song Wencong first came forward and Lei strong hugged, face Filled with a happy and happy smile. Lei Qiang to the podium of the military leadership report is completed, suddenly turned to Song Wencong. He stepped forward a few steps, raised his hand to Song Wencong respect a salute, excitedly said: "Song total, this is called the real plane ah!" New Jifeng successful! The whole airport has become a joy and excitement of the ocean. In the evening, the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission, the Air Force and other relevant departments and units have sent congratulatory congratulations. He said: The success of the first flight of the model, to accelerate the modernization process of our military weapons and equipment, and promote the development of the aviation industry is of great significance, marking the development of a huge technological breakthroughs, development work to a new level, and for the development of the final task Completed laid a solid foundation. Hoping to speed up the pace of development, so that the aircraft to complete the design of the aircraft as soon as possible and equipped with troops. March 23, 1998 is a landmark in the history of China's aviation, of course, Song is the most important day in life. His life all the effort, wisdom, energy, emotion and precious years, are devoted to the plane. There is a little episode here: Song Wencong's birthday was originally March 26, from this day on, he changed his birthday on March 23 - he will always remember this extraordinary day.
没有评论:
发表评论